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Lawson, B., & Phiri, M. (2003). The architectural healthcare environment and its effect on patient health outcomes.nHS estates.

s. 30
Oprindeligt studie:
Shepley, M. M. (2002). Predesign and postoccupancy analysis of staff behavior in a neonatal intensive care unit. Children’s Health Care, 31(3), 237

s. 31-32
Oprindeligt studie:
Symon, a., Paul, J., Butchart, M., & Carr, V. (2007). The effects of the interior environment design on service users and staff in maternity facilities no. r&d Projekt B(02)11)department of Health.

s. 31-32
Oprindeligt studie:
Symon, a., Paul, J., Butchart, M., & Carr, V. (2007). The effects of the interior environment design on service users and staff in maternity facilities no. r&d Projekt B(02)11)department of Health.

s. 32-33
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Leather, P., Beale, d., Santos, a., Watts, J., & lee, l. (2003). Outcomes of environmental appraisal of different hospital waiting areas. Environment & Behavior, 35(6), 842.

s. 33
Oprindeligt studie:
Verderber, S. (1986). dimensions of person-window transactions in the hospital environment. Environment & Behavior, 18(4), 450.

s. 35-36
Oprindeligt studie:
Wilson, l. M. (1972). Intensive care delirium. the effect of outside deprivation in a windowless unit. Archives of Internal Medicine, 130(2), 225

s. 36-37
Oprindeligt studie:
Keep, P., James, J., & Inman, M. (1980). Windows in the intensive therapy unit. Anaesthesia, 35(3), 257.

s. 37
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Wallace-Guy, G., kripke, d., Jean-louis, G., langer, r., elliott, J., & tuunainen, a. (2002). evening light exposure: Implications for sleep and depression. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 50(4), 738.

s. 41-42
Oprindeligt studie:
Cureton-lane, r. a., & Fontaine, d. k. (1997). Sleep in the pediatric ICu: an empirical investigation. American Journal of Critical Care, 6(1), 56.

s. 46
Oprindeligt studie:
Lewy, A. J., Bauer, V. K., Cutler, N. l., Sack, R. l., Ahmed, S., Thomas, K. H., et al. (1998). Morning vs evening light treatment of patients with winter depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 55(10), 890.

s. 47-48
Oprindeligt studie:
Terman, J. S., Terman, M., Lo, e., & Cooper, t. B. (2001). Circadian time of morning light administration and therapeutic response in winter depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58(1), 69

s. 48 – 49
Oprindeligt studie:
Benedetti, F., Colombo, C., Pontiggia, a., Bernasconi, a., Florita, M., & Smeraldi, e. (2003 Jun). Morning light treatment hastens the antidepressant effect of citalopram: a placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 64(6), 648.

s. 49 – 50
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Beauchemin, k. M., & Hays, P. (1996). Sunny hospital rooms expedite recovery from severe and refractory depressions. Journal of Affective Disorders, 40(1-2), 49.

s. 50-51
Oprindeligt studie:
Benedetti, F., Colombo, C., Barbini, B., Campori, e., & Smeraldi, e. (2001). Morning sunlight reduces length of hospitalization in bipolar depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 62(3), 221.

s. 51 – 52
Oprindeligt studie:
Beauchemin, k. M., & Hays, P. (1998). dying in the dark: Sunshine, gender and outcomes in myocardial infarction. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 91, 352

s. 52-53
Oprindeligt studie:
Walch, J. M., rabin, B. S., day, r., Williams, J. n., Choi, k., & kang, J. d. (2005). the effect of sunlight on post-operative analgesic medication usage: a prospective study of spinal surgery patients. Psychosomatic Medicine, 67, 156.

s. 53-54
Oprindeligt studie:
Chaudhury, H., & Mahmood, a. (2007). The effect of environmental design on reducing nursing and medication errors in acute care settings (Paperthe Center for Health design CHer (Coalition for Health environments research).

s. 54
Oprindeligt studie:
Buchanan, t. l., Barker, k. n., Gibson, J. t., Jiang, B. C., & Pearson, r. e. (1991). Illumination and errors in dispensing. American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 48(10), 2137

s. 54- 55
Oprindeligt studie:
Booker, J. M., & roseman, C. (1995). a seasonal pattern of hospital medication errors in alaska. Psychiatry Research, 57(3), 251

s. 65
Oprindeligt studie:
Glod, C. a., teicher, M. H., Butler, M., Savino, M., Harper, d., Magnus, e., et al. (1994). Modifying quiet room design enhances calming of children and adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 33(4), 558.

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Oprindeligt studie:
Macnaughton, J., Collins, P., Coleman, S., kellett, P., Purves, G., Suokas, a., et al. (2005). Designing for health: Architecture, art and designat the james cook university hospital. no. r&d Project B(01)13)department of Health.
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s. 68
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Tse, M. M. Y.,Nng, J. k. F., Chung, J. W. Y., & Wong, t. k. S. (2002). The effect of visual stimuli on pain threshold and tolerance. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 11(4), 462.

s. 68-69
Oprindeligt studie:
diette, G. B., lechtzin, n., Haponik, e., devrotes, a., & rubin, H. r. (2003). distraction therapy with nature sights and sounds reduces pain during flexible bronchoscopy: a complementary approach to routine analgesia. Chest, 123(3), 941.

s. 68-69
Oprindeligt studie:
diette, G. B., lechtzin, n., Haponik, e., devrotes, a., & rubin, H. r. (2003). distraction therapy with nature sights and sounds reduces pain during flexible bronchoscopy: a complementary approach to routine analgesia. Chest, 123(3), 941.

s. 86
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Berg, S. (2001). Impact of reduced reverberation time on sound-induced arousals during sleep. Sleep, 24(3), 289. Blomkvist, V., eriksen, C. a., theorell, t., ulrich, r. S., & rasmanis, G. (2005). acoustics and psychosocial environment in intensive coronary care. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62(3), e1.

s. 86-87
Oprindeligt studie:
Berg, S. (2001). Impact of reduced reverberation time on sound-induced arousals during sleep. Sleep, 24(3), 289. Blomkvist, V., eriksen, C. a., theorell, t., ulrich, r. S., & rasmanis, G. (2005). acoustics and psychosocial environment in intensive coronary care. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62(3), e1.

s. 89
Oprindeligt studie:
Ugras, G. A., & Oztekin, S. D. (2007). Patient perception of environmental and nursing factors contributing to sleep disturbances in a neurosurgical intensive care unit.
Tohoku
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s. 89-90
Oprindeligt studie:
Topf, M., Bookman, M., & arand, d. (1996). Effects of critical care unit noise on the subjective quality of sleep. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 24(3), 545

s. 91
Oprindeligt studie:
Yinnon, a. M., Ilan, Y., tadmor, B., altarescu, G., & Hershko, C. (1992). Quality of sleep in the medical department. British Journal of Clinical Practitioners, 46(2), 88.

s. 91-92
Oprindeligt studie:
Zahr, l. k., & de traversay, J. (1995). Premature infant responses to noise reduction by earmuffs: effects on behavioral and physiologic measures. Journal of Perinatology, 15(6), 448.

s. 93-94
Oprindeligt studie:
Hagerman, I., theorell, t., ulrich, r. S., Blomkvist, V., eriksen, C. a., & rasmanis, G. (2005). Influence of coronary intensive care acoustics on the physiological states and quality of care of patients. International Journal of Cardiology, 98(2), 267.

s. 94-95
Oprindeligt studie:
Slevin, M., Farrington, n., duffy, G., daly, l., & Murphy, J. F. (2000). altering the nICu and measuring infants’ responses. Acta Paediatrica, 89(5), 577.

s. 95-96
Oprindeligt studie:
Barlas, d., Sama, a. e., Ward, M. F., & lesser, M. l. (2001). Comparison of the auditory and visual privacy of emergency department treatment areas with curtains versus those with solid walls. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 38(2), 135.

s. 95-96
Oprindeligt studie:
Harris, d. d., Shepley, M. M., White, r. d., kolberg, k. J. S., & Harrell, J. W. (2006). the impact of single family room design on patients and caregivers: executive summary. Journal of Perinatology, 26, S38.

s. 96
Oprindeligt studie:
Pattison, H. M., & robertson, C. e. (1996). the effect of ward design on the well-being of postoperative patients. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 23(4), 820.

s. 96-97
Oprindeligt studie:
Couper, r. t., Hendy, k., lloyd, n., Gray, n., Williams, S., & Bates, d. J. (1994). traffic and noise in children’s wards. Medical Journal of Australia, 160(6), 338.

s. 97-98
Oprindeligt studie:
Blomkvist, V., Eriksen, C. a., Theorell, T., Ulrich, R. S., & rasmanis, G. (2005). acoustics and psychosocial environment in intensive coronary care. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62(3), e1.

s. 98
Oprindeligt studie:
Moorthy, k., Munz, Y., undre, S., & darzi, a. (2004). Objective evaluation of the effect of noise on the performance of a complex laparoscopic task. Surgery, 136(1), 25.

s. 98-99
Oprindeligt studie:
Hodge, B., & thompson, J. F. (1990). noise pollution in the operation theatre. Lancet, 14(335(8694)), 891.

s. 99
Oprindeligt studie:
Sanderson, P. M., tosh, n., Philp, S., rudie, J., Watson, M. O., & russell, W. J. (2005). the effects of ambient music on simulated anaesthesia monitoring. Anaesthesia, 60(11), 1073.

s. 108
Oprindeligt studie:
Shumaker, S. a., & reizenstein, J. e. (1982). environmental factors affecting inpatient stress in acute care hospitals. In G. W. evans (ed.), Environmental stress (pp. 179). new York: Cambridge university Press.

s. 108-109
Oprindeligt studie:
lehrner, J., eckersberger, C., Walla, P., Potsch, G., & deecke, l. (2000). Ambient odor of orange in a dental office reduces anxiety and improves mood in female patients. Physiology & Behavior, 71(1-2), 83.

s. 117
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O’neill, M. J. (1991a). Evaluation of a conceptual model of architectural legibility. Environment & Behavior, 23(3), 259.

s. 119
Oprindeligt studie:
O’neill, M. J. (1991b). effects of signage and floor-plan configuration on wayfinding accuracy. Environment & Behavior, 23(5), 553

s. 121
Oprindeligt studie:
Werner, S., & Schindler, l. e. (2004). the role of spatial reference frames in
architecture- misalignment impairs way-finding performance. Environment & Behavior, 36(4), 461.

s. 121 – 122
Oprindeligt studie:
Wright, P., Hull, a. J., & lickorish, a. (1993). navigating in a hospital outpatients’ department: the merits of maps and wallsigns. Journal of Architectural & Planning Research, 10(1), 76.

s. 122-123
Oprindeligt studie:
Zimring, C., & templer, J. (1983-84). Wayfinding and orientation by the visually impaired. Journal of Environmental Systems, 13(4), 333.

s. 131
Oprindeligt studie:
Zinck, O., Pedersen, J. l., & Højmark, J. J. (1995). Mad på sygehuse. teknologivurdering.

s. 135-136
Oprindeligt studie:
Hignett, S., & evans, d. (2006). Spatial requirements in hospital shower and toilet rooms. Nursing Standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain): 1987), 21(3), 43.

s. 136-137
Oprindeligt studie:
Zachariae, B., & Christensen, S. (2004). de sociale relationers betydning for helbred og kræft. Kræftens psykologi (pp. 46). københavn: Hans reitzels Forlag.

s. 137
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laitinen, P., & Isola, a. (1996). Promoting participation of informal caregivers in the hospital care of the elderly patient: Informal car-givers’ perceptions. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 23(5), 942

s. 137-138
Oprindeligt studie:
altimier, l. M., eichel, M., Warner, B., tedeschi, l., & Brown, B. (2005). developmental care: Changing the nICu physically and behaviorally to promote patient outcomes and contain costs. Neonatal Intensive Care, 18(4), 12.

s. 140-141
Oprindeligt studie:
Astedt-Kurki, P., Paavilainen, e., tammentie, t., & Paunonen-llmonen, M. (2001). Interaction between adult patients’ family members and nursing staff on a hospital ward. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 15(2), 142.

s. 141-142
Oprindeligt studie:
Chaudhury, H., Mahmood, a., & Valente, M. (2004). The use of single patient rooms versus mutiple occupancy rooms in acute care environmentsCHeresearch.org.

s. 142-143
Oprindeligt studie:
Harris, d. d., Shepley, M. M., White, r. d., kolberg, k. J. S., & Harrell, J. W. (2006). the impact of single family room design on patients and caregivers: executive summary. Journal of Perinatology, 26, S38.

s. 144-145
Oprindeligt studie:
Barlas, d., Sama, a. e., Ward, M. F., & lesser, M. l. (2001). Comparison of the auditory and visual privacy of emergency department treatment areas with curtains versus those with solid walls. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 38(2), 135. C

s. 154
Smidt, S., Holm, l., & Fleischer, M. k. (1996). the socio- psychological significance of hospital meals : the impact on introduction of a new catering system in a children’s cancer ward. Scandinavian Journal of Nutrition, 40(1)

s. 162-163
Oprindeligt studie:
koivula, M., Paunonen-limonen, M., tarkka, M. t., tarkka, M., & laippala, P. (2002). Social support and its relation to fear and anxiety in patients awaiting coronary artery bypass grafting. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 11(5), 622.

s. 163-164
Oprindeligt studie:
tarkka, M. t., Paavilainen, e., lehti, k., & astedt-kurki, P. (2003). In-hospital social support for families of heart patients. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 12(5), 736.

s. 164 – 165
Oprindeligt studie:
Sallstrom, C., Sandman, P. O., & norberg, a. (1987). relatives’ experience of the terminal care of longterm geriatric patients in open-plan rooms. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 1(4), 133.

s. 167-168
Oprindeligt studie:
Holm, l. (2003). Madens betydning for patienterne. Mad, mennesker og måltider (pp. 279-294). københavn: Munksgaard danmark

s. 170-171
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Holahan, C. J., & Saegert, S. (1973). Behavioral and attitudinal effects of large-scale variation in the physical environment of psychiatric wards. J Abnorm Psychol, 82(3), 454.

S. 171
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Holahan, C. J. (1972). Seating patterns and patient behavior in an experimental dayroom. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 80(2), 115.

s. 173
Oprindeligt studie:
Sommer, r., & ross, H. (1958). Social interaction on a geriatrics ward. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 4(2), 128

s. 174
Oprindeligt studie:
Olsen, r. V. (1984). the effect of the hospital environment: Patient reactions to traditional versus progressive care settings. Journal of Architectural and Planning, 1(2), 121.

s. 174-175
Oprindeligt studie:
Olsen, r. V. (1984). the effect of the hospital environment: Patient reactions to traditional versus progressive care settings. Journal of Architectural and Planning, 1(2), 121.

s. 175-176
Oprindeligt studie:
Sturdavant, M. (1960). Intensive nursing service in circular and rectangular units. Hospitals, JAHA, 34(14), 46-71.

s. 189
Oprindeligt studie:
Marcus, C. C., & Barnes, M. (1999). Healing gardens: Therapeutic benefits and design recommendations. (1st ed.) Wiley.

s. 191-192
Oprindeligt studie:
Ulrich, R. S. (1981). natural versus urban scenes: Some psychophysiological effects. Environment & Behavior, 13, 523.

s. 193-194
Oprindeligt studie:
Hartig, t., Book, a., Garvill, J., Olsson, t., & Gärling, t. (1995). environmental influences on psychological restoration. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 37, 378

s. 194-195
Oprindeligt studie:
ulrich, r. S., Simons, r. F., & Miles, M. a. (2003). effects of environmental simulations and television on blood donor stress. Journal of Architectural & Planning Research, 20(1), 38.

s. 195-196
Oprindeligt studie:
Ulrich, R. S. (1979). Visual landscapes and psychological well- being. Landscape Research, 4(1), 17-23.

s. 196-197
Oprindeligt studie:
laumann, k., Gärling, t., & Stormark, k. M. (2003). Selective attention and heart rate responses to natural and urban environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 23(2), 125.

s. 197-198
Oprindeligt studie:
Parsons, r., tassinaly, l. G., ulrich, r. S., Hebl, M. r., & Grossman-alexander, M. (1998). the view from the road: Implications for stress recovery and immunization. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 18, 113.

s. 198-199
Oprindeligt studie:
Van den Berg, a., koole, S. l., & Van der Wulp, n. Y. (2003). environmental preference and restoration: How are they related? Journal of Environmental Psychology, 23, 135.

s. 201
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Ulrich, R. S. (1984). View through a window may influence recovery from surgery. Science, 224(4647), 420.

s. 201-202
Oprindeligt studie:
Wilson, l. M. (1972). Intensive care delirium. the effect of outs. deprivation in a windowless unit. Archives of Internal Medicine, 130(2), 225.

s. 202-203
Oprindeligt studie:
Symon, a., Paul, J., Butchart, M., & Carr, V. (2007). The effects of the interior environment design on service users and staff in maternity facilities no. r&d Projekt B (02)11) department of Health.

s. 203-204
Oprindeligt studie:
Verderber, S. (1986). dimensions of person-window transactions in the hospital environment. Environment & Behavior, 18(4), 450.

s. 204
Oprindeligt studie:
Mroczek, J., Mikitarian, G., Vieria, e., & rotrius, t. (2005). Hospital design and staff perceptions. The Health Care Manager, 24(3), 233.

s. 204-206
Oprindeligt studie:
Whitehouse, S., Varni, J. W., Seid, M., Cooper-Marcus, C., ensberg, M. J., Jacobs, J. r., et al. (2001). evaluating a children’s hospital garden environment: utilization and consumer satisfaction. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21(3), 301.

s. 206-207
Oprindeligt studie:
Marcus, C. C., & Barnes, M. (1995). Gardens in healthcare facilities: Uses, therapeutic benefits, and design recommendations. Martinez, Ca: Center for Health design

s. 207-208
Oprindeligt studie:
Rodiek, S. (2005). resident perceptions of physical environment features that influence outdoor usage at assisted living facilities. Journal of Housing for the Elderly, 19(3/4), 95

s. 208-209
Oprindeligt studie:
Kearney, A. R., & Winterbottom, D. (2005). nearby nature and long-term care facility residents: Benefits and design recommendations. Journal of Housing for the Elderly, 19(3/4), 7

s. 209
Oprindeligt studie:
Heath, Y., & Gifford, r. (2001). Post-occupancy evaluation of therapeutic gardens in a multi-level care facility for the aged. Activities, Adaptation & Aging, 25(2), 21.

s. 240
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Capezuti, e., Maislin, G., Strumpf, n., & evans, l. k. (2002). Side rail use and bed-related fall outcomes among nursing home residents. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 50(1), 90.

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Hanger, H. C., Ball, M. C., & Wood, l. a. (1999). an analysis of falls in the hospital: Can we do without bedrails? Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 47(5), 529.

s. 241-242
Oprindeligt studie:
Van leeuwen, M., Bennett, l., West, S., Wiles, V., & Grasso, J. (2001). Patient falls from bed and the role of bedrails in the acute care setting. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, 19(2), 8.

s. 242-243
Oprindeligt studier:
Chhokar, r., engst, C., Miller, a., robinson, d., tate, r. B., & Yassi, a. (2005). the three-year economic benefits of a ceiling lift intervention aimed to reduce healthcare worker injuries. Applied Ergonomics, 36(2), 223.

s. 243-244
Oprindeligt studie:
Engst, C., Chhokar, r., Miller, a., tate, r. B., & Yassi, a. (2005). effectiveness of overhead lifting devices in reducing the risk of injury to care staff in extended care facilities. Ergonomics, 48(2), 187.

s. 244
Oprindeligt studie:
Evanoff, B., Wolf, l., aton, e., Canos, J., & Collins, J. (2003). reduction in injury rates in nursing personnel through
introduction of mechanical lifts in the workplace. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 44(5), 451

s. 245
Oprindeligt studie:
Li, J., Wolf, l., & evanoff, B. (2004). use of mechanical patient lifts decreased musculoskeletal symptoms and injuries among health care workers. Injury Prevention, 10(4), 212

s. 250-251
Oprindeligt studie:
Chaudhury, H., & Mahmood, a. (2007). The effect of environmental design on reducing nursing and medication errors in acute care settings (Paper,the Center for Health design CHer (Coalition for Health environments research).

s. 251
Oprindeligt studie:
Buchanan, t. l., Barker, k. n., Gibson, J. t., Jiang, B. C., & Pearson, r. e. (1991). Illumination and errors in dispensing. American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 48(10), 2137.